El Nino

El Nino is a temporary change in the climate of the Pacific ocean, in the region around the equator, the wind blows strongly from east to west along the equator in the Pacific. This actually piles up water about half a meter in the western part of the Pacific. In the eastern part, deeper water which is colder than the sun-warmed surface water gets pulled up from below to replace the water pushed west. So, the normal situation is warm water which is about 30 C in the west, cold about 22 C in the east. In El Nino, the winds pushing that water around get weaker. As a result, some of the warm water piled up in the west slumps back down to the east, and not as much cold water gets pulled up from below. Both these tend to make the water in the eastern Pacific warmer. But it doesn't stop there. The warmer ocean then affects the wind and it makes the winds weaker and is what makes an El Niño grow. A strong El Nino is often associated with wet winters over the southeastern US, as well as drought in Indonesia and Australia

Mariana Trench

The Mariana Trench is located in the Pacific Ocean and it is the deepest part of the world's oceans, and the lowest elevation of the surface of theEarth's crust. It is located in the western Pacific Ocean, to the east of the Mariana Islands. The trench is about 2,550 kilometres long but has a mean width of only 69 kilometres. It reaches a maximum depth of about 11,033 metres. It was created by ocean-to-ocean subduction, a phenomena in which a plate topped by oceanic crust is subducted beneath another plate topped by oceanic crust. Under the Mariana Trench, there is a lot of unique creature with a special ability such as it can glow and it stays under the sand.

Bermuda Triangle

The Bermuda Triangle, also known as the Devil's Triangle is the one of the famous mystery in the ocean that was unsolved. The mystery is anything that goes into it will disappear and cannot be explained by human error , piracy, equipment failure, or natural disasters.. Culture has attributed these disappearances to the paranormal, a suspension of the laws of physics, or activity by extraterrestrial beings. The boundaries of the triangle cover the Straits of Florida, the Bahamas and the entire Caribbean island area and the Atlantic east to the Azores. Triangle writers have used a number of supernatural concepts to explain the events. One explanation pins the blame on leftover technology from the mythical lost continent of Atlantis but there is no solid evidence to support that theory. There are some natural explanations that was making such as:
1. Compass variations
2. Deliberate acts of destruction
3. Gulf Stream
4. Human error
5. Hurricanes
6. Methane hydrates
7. Rogue waves

Tallest Mountain on the Earth is in the ocean

Although Mount Everest, at 8,850m tall, is often called the tallest mountain but actually Mauna Kea, an inactive volcano on the island of Hawaii, is actually taller than mount Everest. Only 13,796 feet of Mauna Kea stands above sea level, however, if you measure it from its base, which is below sea level, it is 33,465 feet. If we put Mauna Kea and Mount Everest next to each other, Mount Kea would be 4,436 feet taller.

Antarctic Marine Life

Cryptopygus antarcticus, Springtail False colour, scanning electron-micrograph, of the Antarctic springtail Cryptopygus antarcticus. Cryptopygus is one of the most successful terrestrial arthropods to have colonised the Antarctic continent. Although only 1-2 mm long and weighing only a few micro-grams, it is one of the largest animals to complete its lifecycle on the Antarctic continent. The springtail, which is actually an iridescent black colour, avoids freezing by accumulating antifreeze compounds. These reduce the freezing point of its body fluids in the same way that antifreeze additives prevent the freezing of water in a car radiator. This enables these tiny animals to survive temperatures below -25C.

Laboratory photo of one of the newly discovered bone-eating worms, Osedax frankpressi, which has been removed from a whale bone. Normally only the red and white plumes and the pinkish trunk would be visible. The greenish roots and whitish ovary would be hidden inside the bone.

Spiders the size of dinner plates and fish with anti-freeze to cope with the cold are among 6,000 species discovered living in the depths of the Antarctic seas

This pink species of Epimeriidae is new to scientists and is the first deep sea member of this group

This carnivorous moonsnail lives in the Antarctic deep sea. It can detect food from a wide distance and will moved towards it. Polyps, covering its shell, use the moonsnail as transport to food sources.

Glass-like animals known as tunicates are early colonisers of the sea floor

Arctic Ocean

The Arctic Ocean is located in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Arctic north polar region. Arctic Ocean is the smallest oceans exist in the Earth and it lies almost entirely above the Arctic Circle. The Arctic Ocean has an area of 14,090,000 sq km and an average depth of 3,658 m. The Arctic Ocean was covered with sea ice every year and almost with it in the winter. This type of temperature was perfect for polar bears and arctic fox as their home. Even the temperature were cold, the temperature of water is warmer than the air and the ice. It say that almost 80% of sun heat did not reach this place and make the winter season became dark and in the summer season, it always in the daylight.

Southern Ocean

The Southern Ocean extends from the coast of Antarctica north to 60 degrees south latitude, which coincides with the Antarctic Treaty Limit. The Southern Ocean is now the fourth largest of the world's five oceans (after the Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, and Indian Ocean, but larger than the Arctic Ocean).

The area of Southern ocean is 20.327 million sq km includes Amundsen Sea, Bellingshausen Sea, part of the Drake Passage, Ross Sea, a small part of the Scotia Sea, Weddell Sea, and other tributary water bodies.The sea temperatures vary from about −2 to 10 °C (28 to 50 °F). The ocean-area from about latitude 40 south to the Antarctic Circle has the strongest average winds found anywhere on Earth.